Common DNS records explained

type	full name	example (subdomain, record type, TTL, data)	description
NS	Name server	`ns1 1h ns-cloud1.googledomains.com.`	domain/subdomain to name server mapping; name server holds the resource records and returns corresponding ip address
A	Address record	`@ A 1h 123.123.123.123`	domain name to IPv4 address mapping
AAAA	IPv6 Address record	`www AAAA 1h 2002:db80:1:2:3:4:567:89ab`	domain name to IPv6 address mapping
CNAME	Canonical name	`www CNAME 1h example.com.`	maps a domain to another domain
TXT	Text record	`@ TXT 1h "key=arbitrary-value-here"`	stores arbitrary text, often used for SPF, DKIM, or domain verification
MX	Mail exchange	`@ MX 1h 10 mailhost2.example.com.`	domain name to mail server mapping; can specify priority
CAA	Certification Authority Authorization	`example.com. IN CAA 0 issue "letsencrypt.org"`	let certain CA to issue certificates for the domain

Basic concepts

Each record will comprise of the following data:

subdomain:
- sometimes also just called name
- associates a subdomain with a record (when there is no IP addresses associated, it's not really a subdomain, thus name)
- "@" means the root domain
record type: from a list of commonly agreed values. Some DNS provider might also have custom record types
TTL: time to live, how long the record can be cached
data: a string. format varies depending on the record type
priority (optional): you can define multiple records with the same type on the same subdomain, for fallback / load balancing purposes.

There are many come installed, I usually only use these two:

for a specific record type, use